The document, authored by William S. Mellon, Ph.D., Associate Dean for Research Policy and Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, details the events, biosecurity protocols, and oversight mechanisms related to dual-use research of concern (DURC), specifically focusing on avian influenza H5N1 research at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. It outlines a timeline from 2006 to 2012, highlighting key milestones such as grant submissions in response to National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) calls, biosafety and dual-use reviews by UW–Madison committees, ongoing NIH-funded research, and evolving federal oversight. The document underscores the importance of understanding the interactions, transmission, and mutation patterns of influenza viruses at the animal-human interface, necessitating rigorous research to inform public health and biodefense measures.
Significant attention is given to institutional oversight structures, such as the Responsible Official, Biosecurity Task Force, and Institutional Biosafety Committee, which provide layered monitoring of select agent research, facilities, and personnel. Detailed descriptions of high-containment laboratory features (BSL-3+ and BSL-3Ag) illustrate the physical and procedural safeguards in place. The document also captures a period of heightened scrutiny surrounding H5N1 transmissibility research, referencing the involvement of federal agencies, the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity, publication delays, and policy refinements following international concern about the potential misuse of research findings. The summary process for DURC review at UW–Madison is described, emphasizing researcher responsibility and multilevel institutional deliberation. Ultimately, the document reflects the dynamic interplay between advancing scientific understanding of influenza viruses, maintaining robust biosafety and biosecurity measures, and navigating complex regulatory and ethical challenges associated with dual-use research.
